Electric Vehicle Battery

Battery is an important component for electric vehicle, as it is the main power storage to run the vehicle. Battery is involved in 35 – 50% of the electric vehicle cost. So, to increase cost efficiency, understanding the battery specification is the key to further development.

The performance of the engine is determined by the volt specification of the battery, while the distance covered by the vehicle is determined by the battery capacity.  Volt and capacity of the battery is then determined by the material of the cathode and the anode. Volt is measured from the difference of the reduction potential between the cathode and the anode. While the capacity is contributed by how much the material of the electrode could fit the active ion. 

Commercially, lithium ion battery is preferred to power electric vehicle due to its high-power density, compared to lead acid battery or nickel metal hydrate battery. Lithium ion battery can use variety of cathode, such as LCO (lithium cobalt oxide), LMO (lithium metal oxide), LFP (lithium ferrum phosphate), NMC (lithium nickel Mangan cobalt oxide), etc. Each has their own properties regarding specific power, safety, cost, and life span. NMC is one of the best choices of cathode as it has overall relatively advantage compared to the other. However, NMC cathode costs a third of one battery cell and cathode can influence the battery performance significantly. Further understanding of the material of NMC is needed to increase cost efficiency and performance development.

Date : 12 October 2020
Written by : NBRI
 
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