The Transformation of Electric Vehicles

Nowadays, many people dream about the future of technology. Mention of the modern smart city evokes the image of a municipality with integrated technology. One of the most well-publicized issues that have become crystal clear over the past few years is transportation. According to a McKinsey report, General Motors Company in January 2021 announced that they would join other automakers by selling only zero-emission vehicles. It is like other evidence that the mobility industry has significantly outperformed top-performing industries in this decade. This industry has headed in a promising direction, while public attention has focused on autonomous electric vehicles (EVs) that might disrupt today's internal combustion cars.

What does autonomous means? It is a system that adapts and learns to dynamic environments and also evolves as the environment around it changes. Autonomous has twins namely automated. They have the same basic framework, but an automated system tends to a well-defined set of parameters and restricted. This condition caused the system to make its decisions based on predefined heuristics. As claimed by SAE (Society of Automatic Engineers), there are five levels of autonomy. Level one is assisted, level two is partial automation, level three is conditional automation, level four is high automation, and level five is full automation. We already reached four-stage with Waymo that made by Google. But, it is too slow and has a lack of problem with safety and affordability. In the current industry, three-level of autonomy produced by Tesla and released in the market.